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The Dresden Armory or Dresden Armoury (German: ''Rüstkammer''), also known as the Dresden Historical Museum (German: ''Historisches Museum Dresden''), is one of the world's largest collections of ceremonial weapons, armors and historical textiles. It is part of the Dresden State Art Collections and is located in Dresden Castle in Dresden. The Turkish Chamber (German: ''Türckische Cammer'') is a separate collection within the Dresden Armory that is focused on art from the Ottoman Empire. == History == The oldest weapons collection in Dresden, the City Armory (''Städtische Harnischkammer'') was founded in 1409, containing the weapons used by the citizens to defend the city. It existed until the 17th century when it became obsolete. Besides this, two further armories were established shortly after. One was the Ducal Armory (''Herzogliche Harnischkammer''), founded after Duke Albert was granted an independent dukedom in 1485. Housed in Dresden Castle, it contained the personal weapons of the ruling House of Wettin. Furthermore, Prince Elector Augustus founded the Arsenal of the Saxon State (''Kurfürstliches Landeszeughaus'') containing Saxony's weapons of war, such as cannons. The Ducal Armory (''Herzogliche Harnischkammer'') is the direct predecessor of today’s ''Rüstkammer''. It was founded after Albert III, Duke of Saxony, ("Albert the Bold") established Meissen as the centre of Albertine Saxony and named himself Margrave of Meissen in 1485. A continuous growth in the collection of parade weapons occurred during the reign of his son, George, Duke of Saxony ("George the Bearded"), who named Dresden the capital of his realm.〔Jutta Bäumel: ''Rüstkammer/The Dresden Armory''. Munich: Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2004, ISBN 3-422-06446-X, pp. 9-21〕 After George's grandson, Duke Maurice, gained the title of Saxon prince elector in 1547, the Ducal Armory was renamed Electoral Armory (''Kurfürstliche Rüstkammer'') and thus gained electoral status. It was located on the ground floor of the ''Hausmannsturm'', the tower of Dresden Castle. Prince Elector Augustus initiated the museum era of the armory by taking an inventory of the electoral holdings. The inventory of 1567 mentions several buildings with holdings of the armory, listing more than 1,500 weapons.〔 Much of the armory was displayed on carved wooden horses. The amory moved into the newly established Stable Building ("Stallgebäude", today’s Johanneum) in 1591, where it remained until 1722. When Prince Elector Frederick Augustus I was made King of Poland in 1697, the armory acquired royal status. Now named Augustus II ("Augustus II the Strong"), he faced increased needs for representation, leading to the establishment of his treasure chamber, the Green Vault. As a result, richly adorned weapons were moved into the new museums, spoiling the integrity of the armory’s holdings. Furthermore, the armory had to be moved again, this time into the Secret War Chancellery (''Geheime Kriegskanzlei'') where it was housed from 1722 until 1832. Nevertheless, the armory remained a favorite among visitors at this time.〔 The son of Augustus II the Strong, Augustus III, established the Firearms Gallery in the Long Corridor of the ''Stallhof'' (Stall Courtyard), which links the castle complex with the adjacent Johanneum. At the time, the Firearms Gallery was the most valuable of its kind in Germany; today, its more than 3,000 firearms are an important part of the ''Rüstkammer''.〔 After the armory was acquired by the state in 1831, it was renamed the Royal Historic Museum (''Königliches Historisches Museum'') and moved into the Zwinger building in 1832. It remained there until 1877, when it was moved again into the Johanneum. In 1913/14, the parade weapons which had been placed in the Green Vault, were reintegrated into the armory collection.〔 The artefacts from the Firearms Gallery and the Historic Museum were taken to Königstein Fortress during World War II. At the end of the war in 1945, the collections were confiscated by the Red Army and transported to Leningrad. Since their return to Dresden in 1958, part of the collection, now again named the Dresden Armory (''Rüstkammer''), had been on display in the Semper Gallery of the Zwinger until September 2012. After completion of the ''Riesensaal'' in Dresden Castle in February 2013, the armory's collection has been exhibited there. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dresden Armory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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